Obtain Overflight and Landing Permit in Mongolia

Operating flights to Mongolia, like in any other country, requires specific permits and compliance with its aviation regulations. Below is a detailed guide on the types of permits required, the process, and other key considerations for flight operations in Mongolia.

1. Types of Flight Permits in Mongolia

1.1 Overflight Permit

Any aircraft entering Mongolian airspace without landing requires an overflight permit. These permits ensure the aircraft complies with Mongolia’s aviation regulations, including safety and air traffic control (ATC) requirements.

1.2 Landing Permit

A landing permit is mandatory for any aircraft intending to land at a Mongolian airport. This includes both scheduled and non-scheduled flights, as well as private and charter operations.

1.3 Diplomatic Permit

A diplomatic permit is required for government, military, or state aircraft. The Ministry of Foreign Affairs issues this permit in coordination with the Civil Aviation Authority of Mongolia (CAAM).

2. Regulatory Authority

The Civil Aviation Authority of Mongolia (CAAM) oversees flight permits and ensures international and domestic aviation standards compliance.

3. Documentation Required for Flight Permits

For Overflight Permits:

• Aircraft registration certificate.
• Airworthiness certificate.
• Aircraft insurance certificate (covering third-party liability).
• Air operator’s certificate (AOC) for commercial operators.
• Flight plan details, including entry/exit points in Mongolian airspace.

For Landing Permits:

• All documents required for overflight permits.
• Ground handling arrangements at the destination airport.
• Slot confirmation (if applicable).
• Purpose of the flight (e.g., passenger transport, cargo, or private operations).
• Passenger manifest or cargo details.

For Diplomatic Permits:

• Official diplomatic request from the operator’s government.
• Flight itinerary and purpose.
• Crew and passenger details.

4. Lead Times for Permit Approvals

• Overflight Permits: Typically processed within 24-48 hours.
• Landing Permits: This can take 2-5 business days, depending on the type of flight and documentation provided.
• Diplomatic Permits: Require coordination with the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and may take longer, typically 5-7 business days.

5. Airports in Mongolia

Mongolia has a limited number of airports suitable for international operations. The primary airports include:

1. Chinggis Khaan International Airport (UBN):
   • Located near Ulaanbaatar, the capital of Mongolia.
   • Handles most international and domestic flights.
2. Mörön Airport (MXV):
   • Located in the Khövsgöl Province, serves as a gateway for regional travel.
3. Khovd Airport (HVD):
   • Located in the western region, primarily for domestic and regional flights.

6. Airspace Management

• ATC Services: Managed by the CAAM, Mongolia ensures safe and efficient airspace management in compliance with ICAO standards.
• Restricted Areas: Operators must avoid restricted airspace, including military zones, unless specifically authorized.

7. Special Considerations

Remote Regions:

Mongolia’s vast and sparsely populated landscape can present challenges for emergency landings or alternate airport options. Operators must plan for contingencies.

Weather:

Mongolia experiences extreme weather conditions, including harsh winters and strong winds, which can affect flight operations.

Customs and Immigration:

All international flights must coordinate with customs and immigration authorities to ensure smooth processing of passengers and cargo.

8. Steps to Obtain Permits

1. Prepare Documentation:
   • Gather all required documents based on the type of flight (overflight, landing, or diplomatic).
2. Submit Application:
   • Submit the permit application to the Civil Aviation Authority of Mongolia.
3. Coordinate Ground Handling:
   • Arrange handling services at the destination airport.
4. Monitor Application:
   • Follow up with CAAM for updates on the application status.
5. Compliance:
   • Ensure compliance with all local regulations and airspace restrictions.

9. Useful Contacts

• Civil Aviation Authority of Mongolia (CAAM):
  • Website: http://www.mcaa.gov.mn
  • Phone: +976 11 282 065
  • Email: info@mcaa.gov.mn